It is common to suffer from swollen feet during pregnancy. In fact, for many women, pregnancy swollen feet are a given. Unfortunately, in some women the swollen feet remain after delivery. What is the Pregnancy Swollen Feet Connection? Compression by the uterus – As pregnancy progresses, the uterus enlarges. As it enlarges it may press…
Leg swelling is common and compression has been known to be an effective treatment for centuries. In fact, compression for leg swelling has been used as early as Hippocrates’ time. A first of its kind compression garment was invented in the 17th century by Richard Wiseman. It was laced and made of skin (he preferred…
Mural thrombus is formation of thrombus in an artery, most commonly the aorta. Mural thrombi can arise in normal arteries, in the context of hypercoagulability, or within aneurysms. The same term is used to also describe clots in the heart, such as post myocardial infarction in an aneurysmal dilatation. But, this article will not be…
Blood pressure is not always the same between arms. This is why blood pressure measurement should be done in both arms. Why Should Blood Pressure Measurement be in Both Arms? Measuring blood pressure in both arms serves several purposes. First, it allows the patient time to relax and thus allows for a more accurate blood…
Nutcracker syndrome refers to compression of the left renal vein by the superior mesenteric artery. The left renal vein is compressed between the superior mesenteric and the aorta. Clinical manifestations vary and treatment is tailored accordingly. Signs and Symptoms Nutcracker syndrome is actually a misnomer. In many patients the correct term would be ‘nutcracker phenomena’….
Dependent edema is the most common cause for leg swelling. In fact, it is very common. Still, many patients and doctors have never heard of it. What does dependent edema look like? Dependent edema is a common cause for swollen legs. It usually causes ankle swelling. The swelling usually come sand goes. It will be…
Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a newly described vascular entity. It is characterized by restricted venous outflow from the brain and spinal cord through the internal jugular (IJV) and/or azygos (AZ) veins (Figure 1), or sometimes, through the external vertebral plexuses. (1-5) Clinical Vignette: CCSVI in multiple sclerosis patients A 41 year old woman,…
Pharmacogenetics are central to genetic testing in cardiovascular medicine. As different patients metabolize drugs differently, medication prescription should be tailored to patients specific needs. By doing so maximizing benefits to a particular individual can be expected, while minimizing risk. The most well-known use for this kind of genetic testing comes from oncology, where chemotherapy or…
Ischemic ulcers can be difficult to treat. Ideally, treatment should result in increased blood flow to the ischemic limb or digits. However, surgery is not always feasible. In these cases alternative therapies are sought. Non-pharmacological ischemic ulcer treatment includes compression, hyperbaric oxygen and various forms of sympathectomy. The following article will outline some of these…
Adderall is has become a very popular medicine and drug. It is used for the treatment of attention deficit disorder (ADD). However over the past years this medication has become a favorite among students. It is being called a perfect ‘study medicine’. It has been claimed to improve concentration and performance. Students and professionals cannot…
